Good stuff, Elle. I've been reading about two studies on masculinity this morning. A couple of quotes stand out:

"Boys routinely confided that they felt denied—by male peers, girlfriends, the media, teachers, coaches, and especially their fathers—the full spectrum of human expression." --Orenstein, 2020

“If sexual harassment and mass shootings were the result of cultural patriarchy and societal expectations for male behavior, all men would be doing it all the time. Even though media attention creates the impression that these forms of aggression are highly prevalent and all around us, they are nevertheless still extremely rare. Most men are trustworthy, good, and sensible.” --Moffitt, 2018

Both suggest something interesting to me (and I'm still ruminating on this): even we who know better are doing an insufficient job in providing healthy alternative definitions of masculinity to boys and young men, and deference among young men to aggressive, dominant peers who are repeat engagers in toxic actions may be a huge part of the problem. Arguably too, in the three years since Moffitt wrote those words, we have had ever greater examples of bad behavior by angry minorities of men being given political cover or apologist explanations instead of deserved condemnation. Anyway, it's food for thought. Thanks for the article!